Red Seal Appliance Service Technician Practice Exam

What is the effect of low refrigerant levels on an air conditioning unit?

1. Increased noise levels

2. Reduced cooling efficiency and potential compressor damage

3. Increased humidity levels

4. Frequent cycling on and off

The correct answer is: Reduced cooling efficiency and potential compressor damage

Low refrigerant levels in an air conditioning unit lead to reduced cooling efficiency and can potentially result in compressor damage. Refrigerant is crucial for the heat exchange process; it absorbs heat from the indoor air and releases it outside. When levels are low, the unit cannot effectively perform this function, which causes the system to work harder to maintain the desired temperature, ultimately leading to increased energy consumption. Additionally, operating with insufficient refrigerant can cause the evaporator coil to freeze, further impairing the unit's ability to cool. When the compressor runs in these conditions, it experiences excessive strain, which can lead to overheating and eventual failure. This highlights the importance of maintaining the proper refrigerant level to ensure efficient operation and longevity of the air conditioning system.